Flechtner-Mors M, Thamm M, Rosario A S, Goldapp C, Hoffmeister U, Mann R, Bullinger M, van Egmond-Fröhlich A, Ravens-Sieberer U, Reinehr T, Westenhöfer J, Holl R W
Institut für Epidemiologie und Medizinische Biometrie, Zentralinstitut für Biomedizinische Technik, Universität Ulm. marion.fl
Klin Padiatr. 2011 Dec;223(7):445-9. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1280766. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
The considerable increase of obesity in children and adolescents poses a major challenge to the health care system.
In an observation study of the Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA) somatic data of 1916 overweight and obese children and adolescents aged 8-17 years were compared to data of 7 451 normal weight children and adolescents (KiGGS). Age, sex, body weight, height, BMI-SDS, blood pressure, and lipids were analyzed. Body weight was assessed using the BMI categories of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter (AGA) guidelines. Blood pressure measurements were given as above 95 (th) percentile and categorized according to the classification of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH). In addition blood pressure in BZgA-patients were estimated as above 95 (th) percentile by age, sex and height in German normal weight children and adolescents. Lipid values were evaluated according to American Heart Association specifications.
Out of the participants of BZgA-study 14% were overweight, 48% obese, and 38% extremely obese. Blood pressure values were above the 95 (th) percentile (ESH) in 35%. The blood pressure in normal weight participants of the KiGGS-study were elevated in 5%. Total cholesterol of BZgA-patients was elevated in 13%, LDL-cholesterol was elevated in 13%, HDL-cholesterol was low in 7%, and triglycerides in the fasting state were elevated in 12%.
The rising prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents with increasing BMI category requires effective strategies for prevention and treatment of obesity.
儿童和青少年肥胖率的显著上升给医疗保健系统带来了重大挑战。
在德国健康教育中心（BZgA）的一项观察性研究中，将1916名8至17岁超重和肥胖儿童及青少年的身体数据与7451名正常体重儿童及青少年（KiGGS）的数据进行了比较。分析了年龄、性别、体重、身高、BMI标准差分数、血压和血脂。体重根据儿童和青少年肥胖问题工作组（AGA）指南的BMI类别进行评估。血压测量值以上95百分位数表示，并根据欧洲高血压学会（ESH）的分类进行分类。此外，根据德国正常体重儿童和青少年的年龄、性别和身高，将BZgA患者的血压估计为高于95百分位数。血脂值根据美国心脏协会的规范进行评估。
在BZgA研究的参与者中，14%为超重，48%为肥胖，38%为极度肥胖。35%的血压值高于95百分位数（ESH）。KiGGS研究中正常体重参与者的血压升高率为5%。BZgA患者的总胆固醇升高率为13%，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高率为13%，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低率为7%，空腹状态下甘油三酯升高率为12%。
随着BMI类别增加，儿童和青少年心血管危险因素的患病率不断上升，需要采取有效的肥胖预防和治疗策略。
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