Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Dev Psychobiol. 2012 May;54(4):433-40. doi: 10.1002/dev.20602. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
Adolescence is characterized as a developmental period of risky decision-making. During this developmental window there is also a marked increase in actual and perceived stress. Acute stress increases risky decision-making in adults, but no research has examined this phenomenon in adolescents. In this study, an ecologically relevant approach was used to document daily self-reports of stress in adolescents and an emerging adult comparison group. Participants visited the laboratory twice: once each when they endorsed a high and low level of stress, where they performed a risky decision-making task and a response inhibition task. In both groups, participants showed greater risky decision-making under high (vs. low) stress conditions but no stress-related effects on response inhibition. The dissociation between decision-making and response inhibition under stress suggests that, across development, individuals show greater vulnerability to contextual influence in decision-making domains.
青春期的特点是冒险决策的发展时期。在这个发展阶段，实际和感知到的压力也明显增加。急性压力会增加成年人的冒险决策，但没有研究调查过这种现象在青少年中的表现。在这项研究中，采用了一种生态相关的方法来记录青少年和成年早期比较组的日常压力自我报告。参与者两次访问实验室：一次是在他们报告高水平和低水平压力时，他们在那里执行了一个冒险决策任务和一个反应抑制任务。在两个组中，参与者在高（低）压力条件下表现出更大的冒险决策，但在反应抑制方面没有与压力相关的影响。在压力下决策和反应抑制之间的分离表明，在整个发展过程中，个体在决策领域更容易受到环境影响。
