Equipe BioVA, INRA UR1282, Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique, IASP, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
J Virol. 2012 Jan;86(1):584-8. doi: 10.1128/JVI.05474-11. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
A deletion of ∼20 amino acids in the stalk of neuraminidase is frequently observed upon transmission of influenza A viruses from waterfowl to domestic poultry. A pair of recombinant H7N1 viruses bearing either a short- or long-stalk neuraminidase was genetically engineered. Inoculation of the long-stalk-neuraminidase virus resulted in a higher cloacal excretion in ducks and led conversely to lower-level oropharyngeal excretion in chickens, associated with a higher-level local immune response and better survival. Therefore, a short-stalk neuraminidase is a determinant of viral adaptation and virulence in chickens but is detrimental to virus replication and shedding in ducks.
在流感病毒从水禽传播到家禽的过程中,神经氨酸酶茎干中约 20 个氨基酸的缺失经常发生。一对携带短茎或长茎神经氨酸酶的重组 H7N1 病毒被遗传工程改造。接种长茎神经氨酸酶病毒会导致鸭子的泄殖腔排泄物更高,而鸡的口腔排泄物水平则相反较低,这与更高水平的局部免疫反应和更好的存活率有关。因此,短茎神经氨酸酶是病毒在鸡中适应和毒力的决定因素,但对病毒在鸭中的复制和脱落不利。