Integrated Research Facility, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2011 Dec 15;204(12):1902-11. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jir663. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
Infection of nonhuman primates (NHPs) with monkeypox virus (MPXV) is currently being developed as an animal model of variola infection in humans. We used positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) to identify inflammatory patterns as predictors for the outcome of MPXV disease in NHPs. Two NHPs were sublethally inoculated by the intravenous (IV) or intrabronchial (IB) routes and imaged sequentially using fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)FDG) uptake as a nonspecific marker of inflammation/immune activation. Inflammation was observed in the lungs of IB-infected NHPs, and bilobular involvement was associated with morbidity. Lymphadenopathy and immune activation in the axillary lymph nodes were evident in IV- and IB-infected NHPs. Interestingly, the surviving NHPs had significant (18)FDG uptake in the axillary lymph nodes at the time of MPXV challenge with no clinical signs of illness, suggesting an association between preexisting immune activation and survival. Molecular imaging identified patterns of inflammation/immune activation that may allow risk assessment of monkeypox disease.
正电子发射断层扫描和计算机断层扫描（PET/CT）用于识别炎症模式，作为预测灵长类动物感染猴痘病毒（MPXV）疾病结果的指标。两只非人类灵长类动物通过静脉（IV）或支气管内（IB）途径亚致死接种，并使用氟-18 氟脱氧葡萄糖（(18)FDG）摄取作为炎症/免疫激活的非特异性标志物进行连续成像。在 IB 感染的灵长类动物的肺部观察到炎症，双叶受累与发病率相关。在 IV 和 IB 感染的灵长类动物中，腋窝淋巴结的淋巴结病和免疫激活是明显的。有趣的是，在接受 MPXV 挑战时，幸存的灵长类动物的腋窝淋巴结中存在明显的（18）FDG 摄取，但没有疾病的临床症状，这表明预先存在的免疫激活与存活之间存在关联。分子成像确定了炎症/免疫激活的模式，这可能允许对猴痘疾病的风险进行评估。
