Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
Placenta. 2011 Dec;32(12):949-55. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.09.018. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
Women with diabetes have elevated gestational risks for severe hemodynamic complications, including preeclampsia in mid- to late pregnancy. This study employed continuous, chronic radiotelemetry to compare the hemodynamic patterns in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice who were overtly diabetic or normoglycemic throughout gestation. We hypothesized that overtly diabetic, pregnant NOD mice would develop gestational hypertension and provide understanding of mechanisms in progression of this pathology.
Telemeter-implanted, age-matched NOD females with and without diabetes were assessed for six hemodynamic parameters (mean, systolic, diastolic, pulse pressures, heart rate and activity) prior to mating, over pregnancy and over a 72 h post-partum interval. Urinalysis, serum biochemistry and renal histopathology were also conducted.
Pregnant, normoglycemic NOD mice had a hemodynamic profile similar to other inbred strains, despite insulitis. This pattern was characterized by an interval of pre-implantation stability, post implantation decline in arterial pressure to mid gestation, and then a rebound to pre-pregnancy baseline during later gestation. Overtly diabetic NOD mice had a blood pressure profile that was normal until mid-gestation then become mildly hypotensive (-7 mmHg, P < 0.05), severely bradycardic (-80 bpm, P < 0.01) and showed signs of acute kidney injury. Pups born to diabetic dams were viable but growth restricted, despite their mothers' failing health, which did not rebound post-partum (-10% pre-pregnancy pressure and HR, P < 0.05).
Pregnancy accelerates circulatory and renal pathologies in overtly diabetic NOD mice and is characterized by depressed arterial pressure from mid-gestation and birth of growth-restricted offspring.
患有糖尿病的女性在妊娠期间发生严重血流动力学并发症的风险增加，包括中期至晚期妊娠的子痫前期。本研究采用连续、慢性无线电遥测技术比较了整个妊娠期明显糖尿病或正常血糖的非肥胖型糖尿病（NOD）小鼠的血流动力学模式。我们假设明显糖尿病的妊娠 NOD 小鼠会发展为妊娠高血压，并为该病理进展的机制提供了解。
植入遥测器的年龄匹配的 NOD 雌性糖尿病和非糖尿病小鼠在交配前、妊娠期间和产后 72 小时期间评估了六个血流动力学参数（平均值、收缩压、舒张压、脉压、心率和活动）。还进行了尿液分析、血清生物化学和肾脏组织病理学检查。
尽管存在胰岛炎，妊娠正常血糖的 NOD 小鼠的血流动力学模式与其他近交系相似。这种模式的特点是在植入前稳定期，植入后动脉压下降到中期妊娠，然后在后期妊娠期间反弹到妊娠前基线。明显糖尿病的 NOD 小鼠的血压模式在中期妊娠前正常，然后变得轻度低血压（-7mmHg，P<0.05），严重心动过缓（-80bpm，P<0.01），并出现急性肾损伤的迹象。尽管其母亲健康状况不佳，但出生于糖尿病母鼠的幼鼠仍能存活但生长受限，产后没有反弹（压力和心率比妊娠前低 10%，P<0.05）。
妊娠加速了明显糖尿病 NOD 小鼠的循环和肾脏病理，其特征是从中期妊娠开始血压下降和生长受限的后代出生。
