International Center for Disability Information, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6080, USA.
Disabil Health J. 2011 Oct;4(4):201-8. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2011.04.003. Epub 2011 Sep 8.
Personal assistance services (PAS) can be valuable adjuncts to the complement of accommodations that support workers with disabilities. This literature review explored the professional literature on the use of PAS in the workplace.
Bibliographic sources were used to locate relevant research studies on the use of PAS in the workplace. The studies in this review used both qualitative and quantitative methods to identify current definitions of work-related and personal care-related PAS, agency-directed versus consumer-directed PAS, long-term and short-term funding issues, development of PAS policy, and barriers to successful implementation of PAS.
The studies uncovered issues related to (a) recruiting, training, and retaining personal assistants, (b) employer concerns, (c) costs and benefits of workplace PAS, (d) wages and incentives for personal assistants, and (e) sources for financing PAS as a workplace accommodation.
The findings reveal the value and benefits of effective PAS on the job. PAS can lead to successful employment of people with disabilities when other accommodations cannot provide adequate workplace support. Additionally, the evolution of workplace PAS is dependent on development of realistic PAS policy and funding options.
个人助理服务 (PAS) 可以作为支持残疾工人的住宿服务的补充，具有重要价值。本文献综述探讨了在工作场所使用 PAS 的专业文献。
使用书目来源定位了关于在工作场所使用 PAS 的相关研究。本综述中的研究采用定性和定量方法，确定了与工作相关和个人护理相关的 PAS、机构指导与消费者指导的 PAS、长期和短期资金问题、PAS 政策的制定以及 PAS 实施的障碍等当前定义。
这些研究揭示了与以下方面相关的问题：（a）招聘、培训和留住个人助理，（b）雇主的担忧，（c）工作场所 PAS 的成本和收益，（d）个人助理的工资和激励措施，以及（e）将 PAS 作为工作场所住宿的融资来源。
研究结果表明 PAS 在工作中的价值和益处。当其他住宿服务无法提供足够的工作场所支持时，有效的 PAS 可以帮助残疾人成功就业。此外，工作场所 PAS 的发展取决于制定现实的 PAS 政策和资金选择。
