Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin County 640, Taiwan.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012 Jan;72(1):47-51. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2011.09.009. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of pulmonary infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in a university hospital in Taiwan from 2005 to 2008. During the study period, a total of 312 patients with NTM pulmonary infection were identified. Most patients with NTM pulmonary infection had preexisting pulmonary diseases or malignancies. The incidence (per 100,000 inpatients and outpatients) of patients with NTM isolations (6.67 in 2005 and 9.28 in 2008, P < .0001) from respiratory specimens and the incidence of patients with NTM pulmonary infection (3.54 in 2005 and 4.45 in 2008, P < .0141) increased significantly annually. The most common pathogens in patients with NTM-associated pulmonary infections were Mycobacterium avium complex (n = 110, 35.3%), followed by M. abscessus (n = 66, 21.2%). Incidence (per 100,000 inpatients and outpatients) of patients with pulmonary infections caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) also increased significantly (1.06 in 2005 and 2.00 in 2008, P = .008). In conclusion, RGM, especially M. abscessus, had an increasingly important role in NTM pulmonary infections.
本研究旨在探讨 2005 年至 2008 年间台湾一家大学医院中由非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）引起的肺部感染的流行病学和临床特征。在研究期间，共确定了 312 例 NTM 肺部感染患者。大多数 NTM 肺部感染患者有先前存在的肺部疾病或恶性肿瘤。从呼吸道标本中分离出 NTM 患者的发病率（每 10 万住院和门诊患者）（2005 年为 6.67，2008 年为 9.28，P<.0001）和 NTM 肺部感染患者的发病率（2005 年为 3.54，2008 年为 4.45，P<.0141）呈逐年显著上升趋势。与 NTM 相关的肺部感染患者中最常见的病原体是鸟分枝杆菌复合体（n=110，35.3%），其次是脓肿分枝杆菌（n=66，21.2%）。快速生长分枝杆菌（RGM）引起的肺部感染患者的发病率（每 10 万住院和门诊患者）也显著增加（2005 年为 1.06，2008 年为 2.00，P=.008）。总之，RGM，尤其是脓肿分枝杆菌，在 NTM 肺部感染中起着越来越重要的作用。
