Population Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2012 Apr;43(2):162-72. doi: 10.1007/s12160-011-9310-0.
Neighborhood environment, both actual and perceived, is associated with health outcomes; however, much of this research has relied on self-reports of these outcomes.
The association between both perception of neighborhood disorder and neighborhood poverty (as measured by postal code socioeconomic status) was examined in the prediction of health service usage.
Participants in a longitudinal project were contacted in mid-adulthood regarding their perception of neighborhood disorder. Their census tract data and medical records were drawn from government databases.
Higher perceived neighborhood disorder was significantly associated with higher levels of total health services usage, lifestyle illnesses, specialist visits, and emergency room visits, even when neighborhood poverty and individual-level variables were controlled for. Neighborhood poverty was only significantly associated with fewer total hospitalizations.
Higher perceived neighborhood disorder was associated with higher rates of health service usage, suggesting further investigation into the mechanisms by which perceptions of the environment influences health outcomes.
邻里环境（包括实际环境和感知环境）与健康结果有关；然而，这项研究很大程度上依赖于对这些结果的自我报告。
本研究旨在探讨感知邻里失序和邻里贫困（通过邮政编码社会经济地位衡量）与健康服务使用之间的关系。
在一项纵向研究中，联系了中年参与者，询问他们对邻里失序的感知。从政府数据库中提取了他们的普查地段数据和医疗记录。
即使控制了邻里贫困和个体水平变量，更高的感知邻里失序仍与更高水平的总健康服务使用、生活方式疾病、专科就诊和急诊就诊显著相关。而邻里贫困仅与更少的总住院次数显著相关。
更高的感知邻里失序与更高的健康服务使用率相关，这表明需要进一步研究环境感知如何影响健康结果的机制。
