Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, Poland.
Addict Biol. 2012 May;17(3):601-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00394.x. Epub 2011 Oct 21.
Human studies indicate that high impulsivity, novelty seeking and anxiety predispose individuals to alcohol abuse. Unclear, however, is whether the same phenotypes can be observed in laboratory animals prone to uncontrolled alcohol drinking. To characterize a novelty-seeking trait, anxiety, impulsivity, compulsivity and the motivation for natural rewards in mice, numerous tests were performed in the automated IntelliCage learning system. The same mice then had extended access to alcohol for 70 days, followed by the evaluation of addiction-like behaviors, including (1) the motivation for alcohol in a progressive-ratio schedule of reinforcement; (2) persistent and compulsive alcohol seeking and taking during signaled 'no alcohol' periods and (3) when subjected to punishment; and (4) the intensity of relapse after alcohol withdrawal. Our data suggest that high levels of anxiety-related traits (i.e. low novelty seeking, low resistance to punishment and a high level of compulsive behaviors) and high impulsivity predict addiction-like alcohol drinking in mice. Future studies are, however, warranted to create a valid model of alcohol addiction in mice in the IntelliCage system.
人类研究表明，高冲动性、寻求新奇和焦虑使个体容易酗酒。然而，在容易过度饮酒的实验室动物中是否能观察到相同的表型尚不清楚。为了描述寻求新奇特质、焦虑、冲动、强迫和对自然奖励的动机，在自动化 IntelliCage 学习系统中进行了多项测试。然后，相同的老鼠获得了 70 天的延长酒精接触时间，随后评估了类似成瘾的行为，包括 (1) 在递增比率强化计划中对酒精的动机；(2) 在有信号的“无酒精”期间持续和强迫性地寻求和摄取酒精；(3) 当受到惩罚时；以及 (4) 酒精戒断后的复发强度。我们的数据表明，高水平的焦虑相关特征（即低寻求新奇、低抗惩罚和高水平的强迫行为）和高冲动性预示着老鼠类似成瘾的饮酒行为。然而，未来的研究需要在 IntelliCage 系统中创建一个有效的老鼠酒精成瘾模型。
