Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Neuron. 2011 Oct 20;72(2):202-30. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.09.021.
Research in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has led to insights in neural development, axon guidance, ion channel function, synaptic transmission, learning and memory, diurnal rhythmicity, and neural disease that have had broad implications for neuroscience. Drosophila is currently the eukaryotic model organism that permits the most sophisticated in vivo manipulations to address the function of neurons and neuronally expressed genes. Here, we summarize many of the techniques that help assess the role of specific neurons by labeling, removing, or altering their activity. We also survey genetic manipulations to identify and characterize neural genes by mutation, overexpression, and protein labeling. Here, we attempt to acquaint the reader with available options and contexts to apply these methods.
对黑腹果蝇的研究使我们对神经发育、轴突导向、离子通道功能、突触传递、学习和记忆、昼夜节律以及神经疾病有了深入的了解，这些研究对神经科学具有广泛的意义。果蝇目前是允许进行最复杂的体内操作的真核模式生物，这些操作可以用来研究神经元和神经元表达基因的功能。在这里，我们总结了许多通过标记、去除或改变特定神经元的活性来评估其作用的技术。我们还调查了遗传操作，通过突变、过表达和蛋白质标记来鉴定和描述神经基因。在这里，我们试图让读者了解可用的选择和背景，以便应用这些方法。
