Transfus Med Rev. 2012 Apr;26(2):153-63. doi: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2011.09.001. Epub 2011 Oct 21.
Blood is a perishable product, and hence good management of inventories is crucial. Blood inventory management is a trade-off between shortage and wastage. The challenge is to keep enough stock to ensure a 100% supply of blood while keeping time expiry losses at a minimum. This article focuses on inventory management of red blood cells in hospital transfusion laboratories to derive principles of best practice and makes recommendations that will ensure losses due to time expiry are kept to a minimum. The literature was reviewed to identify available models for perishable inventory management. Historical data from the UK blood supply chain was analyzed to identify hospitals with good inventory management practice and low wastage levels. Transfusion laboratory managers in the selected hospitals were interviewed in 7 case studies with the aim of identifying drivers for low wastage and good inventory management practice. The findings from the case studies were compared with the literature. The extant literature asserts that the drivers for good inventory performance are the use of complex inventory models and algorithms. This study has found this not to be the case. Instead, good performance is driven by the quality of transfusion laboratory staff, who must be skilled, regularly trained, and experienced. Electronic crossmatching, transparency of the inventory, and simple management procedures also facilitate good performance.
血液是一种易腐产品，因此良好的库存管理至关重要。血液库存管理是短缺和浪费之间的权衡。挑战在于保持足够的库存，以确保血液供应的 100%，同时将过期损失降到最低。本文专注于医院输血实验室中红细胞的库存管理，以得出最佳实践的原则，并提出建议，以确保因过期而导致的损失降到最低。本文回顾了文献，以确定可用的易腐库存管理模型。分析了英国血液供应链的历史数据，以确定具有良好库存管理实践和低浪费水平的医院。在 7 个案例研究中对选定医院的输血实验室经理进行了访谈，目的是确定低浪费和良好库存管理实践的驱动因素。将案例研究的结果与文献进行了比较。现有文献断言，良好库存绩效的驱动因素是使用复杂的库存模型和算法。本研究发现事实并非如此。相反，良好的表现是由输血实验室工作人员的素质驱动的，他们必须具备技能、定期培训和经验。电子配血、库存的透明度和简单的管理程序也有助于良好的表现。
