Department of Community Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
Health Place. 2012 Mar;18(2):240-9. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.09.013. Epub 2011 Oct 4.
Surveillance of social inequalities in health is a platform for action. We examined the trends in smoking behaviours (current and ever smoking, quit ratios) according to education and place of residence and we quantified the observed inequalities. Data were from repeated cross-sectional surveys (2003-2009) of Montreal (Canada) residents ≥15 years (n=12,053). Trends in smoking behaviours according to education were measured with logistic and log-binomial regressions. Spatial distribution of smoking behaviours across local areas was assessed with Morans' Index. Observed inequalities were quantified with prevalence ratio and difference, population attributable risk, and slope index of inequality. Results showed that ever smoking rose among low-educated individuals. Among their high-educated fellow-citizens, current smoking decreased and quit ratios increased. Adverse smoking behaviours (current and ever smoking) were clustered in south-central areas. We conclude that smoking inequalities in Montreal are growing. We thus encourage a closer monitoring of smoking social differentials.
健康领域的社会不平等监测是采取行动的平台。我们根据教育程度和居住地研究了吸烟行为（当前吸烟和曾经吸烟、戒烟率）的变化趋势，并量化了观察到的不平等现象。数据来自于对蒙特利尔（加拿大）≥15 岁居民的重复横断面调查（2003-2009 年）（n=12053）。使用逻辑回归和对数二项式回归测量了吸烟行为随教育程度的变化趋势。使用莫兰指数评估了吸烟行为在各局部地区的空间分布。使用患病率比和差异、人群归因风险和不平等斜率指数量化了观察到的不平等现象。结果表明，低教育程度人群的曾经吸烟率上升。而在高教育程度的市民中，当前吸烟率下降，戒烟率上升。不良吸烟行为（当前吸烟和曾经吸烟）集中在中南部地区。我们得出的结论是，蒙特利尔的吸烟不平等现象正在加剧。因此，我们鼓励更密切地监测吸烟的社会差异。
