Research Centre for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Department of Environmental Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Water Sci Technol. 2011;64(9):1835-42. doi: 10.2166/wst.2011.751.
Kham Bon landfill site is one of many municipality waste disposal sites in Thailand which are in an unsanitary condition. The site has been receiving municipality wastes without separating hazardous waste since 1968. Heavy metals including, Pb, Cr and Cd are found in soil and groundwater around the site, posing a health risk to people living nearby. In this research, contamination transport modelling of Pb, Cr and Cd was simulated using MODFLOW for two periods, at the present (2010) and 20 years prediction (2030). Model results showed that heavy metals, especially Pb and Cr migrated toward the north-eastern and south-eastern direction. The 20 years prediction showed that, heavy metals tend to move from the top soil to the deeper aquifer. The migration would not exceed 500 m radius from the landfill centre in the next 20 years, which is considered to be a slow process. From the simulation model, it is recommended that a mitigation measure should be performed to reduce the risk from landfill contamination. Hazardous waste should be separated for proper management. Groundwater contamination in the aquifer should be closely monitored. Consumption of groundwater in a 500 m radius must be avoided. In addition, rehabilitation of the landfill site should be undertaken to prevent further mobilization of pollutants.
邦坎垃圾填埋场是泰国众多市政废物处理场之一，这些处理场的卫生条件都很差。自 1968 年以来，该场地一直在接收未经危险废物分离的市政废物。场地周围的土壤和地下水中发现了包括铅、铬和镉在内的重金属，对附近居民的健康构成了威胁。在这项研究中，使用 MODFLOW 对 Pb、Cr 和 Cd 的污染运移模型进行了模拟，模拟了两个时期，即现在（2010 年）和 20 年后的预测（2030 年）。模型结果表明，重金属，尤其是 Pb 和 Cr，向东北和东南方向迁移。20 年的预测表明，重金属有从表土向深部含水层移动的趋势。在未来 20 年内，重金属的迁移不会超过垃圾填埋场中心 500 米半径，这被认为是一个缓慢的过程。从模拟模型来看，建议采取缓解措施，以降低垃圾填埋场污染的风险。应将危险废物分离出来进行妥善管理。应密切监测含水层中的地下水污染。必须避免在 500 米半径内使用地下水。此外，应开展垃圾填埋场的修复工作，以防止污染物的进一步迁移。
