Pasteur Institute of Iran, Hepatitis & AIDS Department, Pasteur Ave., Tehran, Iran.
Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2011 Dec;21(12):1811-30. doi: 10.1517/13543776.2011.630662. Epub 2011 Oct 25.
Around 3% of the world population is infected with HCV, with 3 - 4 million newly infected subjects added to this reservoir every year. At least 10% of these people will develop liver cirrhosis or cancer over time, while no approved vaccine against HCV infection is available to date.
This paper includes a detailed and correlated patent (selected by HCAPLUS search database) and literature (searched by PubMed) review on the HCV genome, proteins and key epitopes (including underestimated HCV proteins, alternate reading frame proteins), HCV immunology, immunosuppressive mechanisms and protective correlations of immunity in acute and chronic states of infection (features for prophylactic and therapeutic HCV vaccine design), recent HCV cell culture systems (HCV/JFH1) and animal models. In part two of this review, advances in HCV vaccine formulations and modalities as well as a detailed list of the current trials for HCV vaccine and discussion of the pros and cones of different strategies will be provided.
By using the advanced basic knowledge and tools obtained about HCV vaccinology in recent years and the application of novel formulations and modalities, at least partially effective vaccines will become available in the near future to prevent (or treat) the chronic (if not the acute) state of HCV infection. A few of such vaccines are already in clinical trials.
全球约有 3%的人口感染 HCV，每年新增感染人数达 300 至 400 万。随着时间的推移，这些人中至少有 10%会发展为肝硬化或癌症，而目前尚无针对 HCV 感染的批准疫苗。
本文包括 HCV 基因组、蛋白和关键表位（包括被低估的 HCV 蛋白、交替阅读框蛋白）、HCV 免疫学、免疫抑制机制和急性及慢性感染状态下的保护性免疫相关性（预防性和治疗性 HCV 疫苗设计的特征）、最近的 HCV 细胞培养系统（HCV/JFH1）和动物模型的详细相关专利（由 HCAPLUS 搜索数据库选择）和文献（由 PubMed 搜索）综述。在这篇综述的第二部分，将介绍 HCV 疫苗配方和方式的进展，以及 HCV 疫苗当前试验的详细清单，并讨论不同策略的优缺点。
通过利用近年来获得的 HCV 疫苗学的先进基础知识和工具，以及新型配方和方式的应用，至少在不久的将来，将有部分有效的疫苗可用于预防（或治疗）HCV 感染的慢性（如果不是急性）状态。其中一些疫苗已经在临床试验中。
