Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Jul;55 Suppl 1:S25-32. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis362.
Natural cross-protective immunity is induced after spontaneous clearance of primary hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Although this suggests that effective prophylactic vaccines against HCV are possible, there are still several areas that require further study. Current data indicate that, at best, vaccine-induced immunity may not completely prevent HCV infection but rather prevent persistence of the virus. However, this may be an acceptable goal, because chronic persistence of the virus is the main cause of pathogenesis and the development of serious liver conditions. Therapeutic vaccine development is also highly challenging; however, strategies have been pursued in combination with current or new treatments in an effort to reduce the costs and adverse effects associated with antiviral therapy. This review summarizes the current state of HCV vaccines and the challenges faced for future development and clinical trial design.
自然交叉保护免疫是在丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）原发性感染自然清除后产生的。尽管这表明针对 HCV 的有效预防性疫苗是可能的，但仍有几个领域需要进一步研究。目前的数据表明，最好的情况是，疫苗诱导的免疫可能无法完全预防 HCV 感染，而只是防止病毒持续存在。然而，这可能是一个可以接受的目标，因为病毒的慢性持续存在是发病机制和严重肝脏疾病发展的主要原因。治疗性疫苗的开发也极具挑战性；然而，已经结合当前或新的治疗方法进行了策略研究，以努力降低与抗病毒治疗相关的成本和不良反应。本综述总结了 HCV 疫苗的现状以及未来发展和临床试验设计所面临的挑战。
