Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of General Pathology & Oncology, University of Catania, Italy.
Curr Drug Deliv. 2012 Jan;9(1):17-29. doi: 10.2174/156720112798376032.
Cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer. Beside surgery, it is treated with chemotherapy and immunotherapy. However, many patients relapse after adjuvant therapy. The recent identification of several key molecular pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of melanoma is spreading development of a number of new translational targeted therapies which could play an important role in overcoming or minimizing resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs and proapoptotic therapies. This review summarizes environmental factors and the most significant molecular events involved in melanoma pathogenesis, disclosing mechanisms responsible for drug resistance and pointing out the clinical view for emerging targeted therapies. Standard therapies and an update on the current clinical trials are also described.
皮肤黑色素瘤是最具侵袭性的皮肤癌。除了手术，还可以通过化疗和免疫疗法进行治疗。然而，许多患者在辅助治疗后会复发。最近发现了一些关键的分子途径，这些途径参与黑色素瘤的发病机制，为许多新的转化靶向治疗的发展铺平了道路，这些治疗可能在克服或最小化对化疗药物和促凋亡治疗的耐药性方面发挥重要作用。这篇综述总结了黑色素瘤发病机制中涉及的环境因素和最重要的分子事件，揭示了导致耐药性的机制，并指出了新兴靶向治疗的临床观点。还描述了标准疗法和当前临床试验的最新进展。
