Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2012 Mar;102(3):616-32. doi: 10.1037/a0025947. Epub 2011 Oct 24.
Drawing from terror management theory, the present research examined whether people turn to close relationships to manage the awareness of mortality because they serve as a source of perceived regard. Studies 1 and 2 demonstrated that mortality salience (MS) leads people to exaggerate how positively their romantic partners see them and demonstrated that people are more committed to their partners to the extent that their romantic partners serve as a source of perceived regard after MS (Study 3). Study 4 revealed that activating thoughts of perceived regard from a partner in response to MS reduced death-thought accessibility. Studies 5 and 6 demonstrated that MS led high relationship contingent self-esteem individuals to exaggerate perceived regard from a partner, and this heightened regard led to greater commitment to one's partner. Study 7 examined attachment style differences and found that after MS, anxious individuals exaggerated how positively their parents see them, whereas secure individuals exaggerated how positively their romantic partners see them. Together, the present results suggest that perceptions of regard play an important role in why people pursue close relationships in the face of existential concerns.
从死亡恐惧管理理论出发,本研究考察了人们是否会转向亲密关系来管理对死亡的意识,因为它们是被感知尊重的来源。研究 1 和 2 表明,死亡凸显(MS)会导致人们夸大浪漫伴侣对他们的正面看法,并表明,在 MS 之后,人们对伴侣的承诺程度更高,因为伴侣是被感知尊重的来源(研究 3)。研究 4 揭示了在 MS 时从伴侣那里激活被感知尊重的想法会降低死亡思维的可及性。研究 5 和 6 表明,MS 会导致高关系依存自尊的个体夸大伴侣的被感知尊重,而这种增强的尊重会导致对伴侣更大的承诺。研究 7 考察了依恋风格的差异,发现 MS 后,焦虑个体夸大了父母对他们的正面看法,而安全个体则夸大了浪漫伴侣对他们的正面看法。综上所述,这些结果表明,在面对存在主义担忧时,人们追求亲密关系的原因是对尊重的感知起着重要作用。