Jankowski Katherine R B, Handzo George F, Flannelly Kevin J
Professional and Continuing Studies, Healthcare Chaplaincy, New York, New York 10022, USA.
J Health Care Chaplain. 2011;17(3-4):100-25. doi: 10.1080/08854726.2011.616166.
The current article reviews the research conducted in the United States on the clinical practice of chaplains with patients and family members, referrals to chaplains, patient satisfaction with chaplaincy services, and the limited literature on the efficacy of chaplain interventions. It also discusses the methodological limitations of studies conducted on these topics and makes suggestions for improving future chaplaincy research. The authors conclude that past studies have not adequately defined chaplain interventions, nor sufficiently documented the clinical practice of chaplains, and that more and better designed studies are needed to test the efficacy of chaplaincy interventions. The authors recommend that chaplains generate research-based definitions of spirituality, spiritual care, and chaplaincy practice; and that more research be conducted to describe the unique contributions of chaplains to spiritual care, identify best chaplaincy practices to optimize patient and family health outcomes, and test the efficacy of chaplaincy care.
牧师与患者及家属的临床实践、向牧师的转诊、患者对牧师服务的满意度，以及关于牧师干预效果的有限文献。本文还讨论了就这些主题开展的研究在方法上的局限性，并对改进未来的牧师研究提出了建议。作者得出结论，过去的研究没有充分界定牧师干预，也没有充分记录牧师的临床实践，需要开展更多设计更优的研究来检验牧师干预的效果。作者建议，牧师应基于研究生成关于灵性、灵性关怀和牧师实践的定义；应开展更多研究来描述牧师对灵性关怀的独特贡献，确定优化患者和家属健康结果的最佳牧师实践，并检验牧师关怀的效果。
