Serologic studies of transmission of hepatitis A in humans.

In 1968, studies of infectious hepatitis in volunteers were reported. Immunologic procedures for serologic study of the hepatitis A virus were not available at that time, and only the clinical and biochemical parameters of the disease were reported. Serial serum specimens from the participants in the study were retained; these specimens had been taken before inoculation and up to more than 100 days after inoculation. When a radioimmune assay for antibody to hepatitis A virus was developed, the series of sera was analyzed retrospectively. Forty-four male volunteers were involved in a series of three studies. Twenty (46%) of the volunteers were found to be initially immune to hepatitis A virus. Eighteen susceptible volunteers (with no preexisting antibody) were challenged with infectious virus. Eight of these volunteers developed clinical hepatitis and seroconverted; one seroconverted without evidence of clinical disease; and nine neither seroconverted nor had evidence of clinical disease. The radioimmune assay provided a method for diagnosis of immune status and of the acute disease caused by hepatitis A virus.