Medical Statistics Group, ScHARR, University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK.
Public Health. 2011 Nov;125(11):769-76. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2011.08.005. Epub 2011 Oct 28.
To assess the seasonality of medical contacts in children with asthma, to compare England with Scotland, and to assess the impact of medication compliance on the frequency of medical contacts.
A retrospective study taken from the General Practice Research Database of daily medical contacts from 1999 to 2005 in a population of school-aged (5-16 years) children with a diagnosis of asthma, and age- and gender-matched controls.
All unscheduled medical contacts. Prescription frequency for inhaled corticosteroids over the same period was also assessed.
Data from 76,924 children were analyzed. There was an increase in unscheduled medical contacts for all children on return to school in September. Unscheduled medical contacts occurred almost twice as frequently in children with asthma compared with non-asthmatic children. The frequency of medical contacts in children with asthma could be predicted from the frequency of medical contacts in non-asthmatic children. In the 3 months from September to December, unscheduled medical contacts were disproportionately greater than would be predicted for children with asthma relative to non-asthmatic children in both England and Scotland. The rise in medical contacts in Scotland preceded that in England by approximately 14 days, reflecting the earlier date for returning to school. The number of prescriptions for inhaled corticosteroids decreased in August. A higher incidence of unscheduled medical contacts was noted during September in those not receiving a prescription in August.
Returning to school after the summer break is associated with a sharp increase in unscheduled medical contacts in school-aged children, particularly in those with asthma. This follows a decrease in the number of prescriptions for inhaled corticosteroids. It is suggested that at least part of the excess numbers of unscheduled contacts in children with asthma is because they do not maintain their inhaled corticosteroids over the summer holidays.
评估儿童哮喘患者的医疗接触季节性，比较英格兰和苏格兰，评估药物依从性对医疗接触频率的影响。
这是一项回顾性研究，数据来自 1999 年至 2005 年期间，在接受过哮喘诊断的学龄（5-16 岁）儿童和年龄、性别匹配的对照组的普通科研究数据库中，每日医疗接触情况。
所有非计划性医疗接触。同期还评估了吸入皮质类固醇的处方频率。
分析了 76924 名儿童的数据。9 月开学后，所有儿童的非计划性医疗接触都有所增加。与非哮喘儿童相比，哮喘儿童的非计划性医疗接触几乎高出两倍。哮喘儿童的医疗接触频率可以根据非哮喘儿童的医疗接触频率来预测。在 9 月至 12 月的 3 个月中，与非哮喘儿童相比，苏格兰的哮喘儿童的非计划性医疗接触不成比例地更多，而英格兰则稍晚一些，这反映了学校开学时间更早。8 月，吸入皮质类固醇的处方数量减少。在 8 月未开处方的儿童中，9 月的非计划性医疗接触次数明显增加。
暑假后返校与学龄儿童非计划性医疗接触急剧增加有关，尤其是哮喘儿童。这是在吸入皮质类固醇处方数量减少的情况下发生的。据推测，哮喘儿童非计划性接触次数增加的部分原因是他们在暑假期间没有维持吸入皮质类固醇的治疗。
