Dolbec Katherine, Mick Nathan W
Department of Emergency Medicine, Maine Medical Center, 22 Bramhall Street, Portland, ME 04102, USA.
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2011 Nov;29(4):811-27, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2011.08.005.
Pediatric congenital heart disease comprises a wide spectrum of structural defects. These lesions present in a limited number of ways. An infant presenting with profound shock, cyanosis, or evidence of congestive heart failure should raise the suspicion of congenital heart disease. Although most congenital lesions are diagnosed in utero, the emergency physician must be aware of these cardinal presentations because many patients present in the postnatal period around the time that the ductus arteriosus closes. Aggressive management of cardiopulmonary instability combined with empiric use of prostaglandin E(1) and early pediatric cardiology consultation is essential for positive outcomes.
小儿先天性心脏病包含广泛的结构缺陷。这些病变以有限的几种方式表现出来。出现严重休克、发绀或充血性心力衰竭迹象的婴儿应引起对先天性心脏病的怀疑。尽管大多数先天性病变在子宫内就已被诊断出来，但急诊医生必须了解这些主要表现，因为许多患者在出生后动脉导管关闭前后就诊。积极处理心肺不稳定情况，联合经验性使用前列腺素E(1)并尽早咨询儿科心脏病专家，对于取得良好治疗效果至关重要。
