Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2011 Nov;17(6):1113-21. doi: 10.1017/S1355617711001135.
Information processing speed is frequently cited as the primary cognitive domain impacted by multiple sclerosis (MS) and is usually evaluated with reaction time (RT) or rapid serial processing (RSP) measures. The present study compared the efficacy of RT and RSP measures to distinguish between patients with MS (N = 42) and healthy controls (N = 40). The RT measure was patterned after the Computerized Tests of Information Processing and included measures of simple, choice, and semantic RT. The RSP measures consisted of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and the Stroop Test. Substantial differences in information processing speed between patients and controls were found on all tests, with slightly larger effect sizes for RSP measures than RT measures and for the SDMT than the Stroop Test. Binary logistic regression analyses showed RSP measures performed better than RT measures at distinguishing patients from controls, and likewise, the SDMT score performed better than the scores derived from the Stroop Test. Results are discussed in the context of three effects associated with common measures of processing speed: complexity, compounding, and augmentation.
信息处理速度常被认为是受多发性硬化症（MS）影响的主要认知领域，通常使用反应时间（RT）或快速序列处理（RSP）测量来评估。本研究比较了 RT 和 RSP 测量在区分 MS 患者（N=42）和健康对照组（N=40）方面的效果。RT 测量模仿了计算机化信息处理测试，包括简单、选择和语义 RT 测量。RSP 测量由符号数字模态测试（SDMT）和斯特鲁普测试组成。在所有测试中，患者和对照组之间的信息处理速度都存在显著差异，RSP 测量的效果略大于 RT 测量，SDMT 的效果大于斯特鲁普测试。二元逻辑回归分析表明，RSP 测量在区分患者和对照组方面比 RT 测量表现更好，同样，SDMT 得分比来自斯特鲁普测试的得分表现更好。结果在与处理速度的常见测量相关的三个效应的背景下进行了讨论：复杂性、复合和增强。
