School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095-6917, USA.
Am J Crit Care. 2011 Nov;20(6):431-41; quiz 442. doi: 10.4037/ajcc2011472.
Factors that affect the impact of caregiving on patients' family members who provide care to patients with heart failure have not been adequately addressed. In addition, social support and positive aspects of caregiving have received little attention.
To identify factors associated with the impact of caregiving.
Self-report data were collected from 76 dyads of patients with heart failure and their family caregivers. Clinical data were obtained from medical records.
A sense of less family support for caregiving was associated with a higher New York Heart Association class of heart failure, being a nonspousal caregiver, lower caregivers' perceived control, and less social support. More disruption of caregivers' schedules was associated with higher class of heart failure, more care tasks, and less social support. Greater impact of caregiving on caregivers' health was related to more recent patient hospitalization, lower caregivers' perceived control, and less social support. Nonwhite caregivers and caregivers whose family member had fewer emergency department visits felt more positive about caregiving than did other caregivers. Social support had a moderating effect on the relationship between patients' comorbid conditions and positive aspects of caregiving.
Caregiving has both positive and negative effects on family caregivers of patients with heart failure. The findings suggest the need for interventions to increase caregivers' sense of control and social support. Family caregivers may need additional support immediately after patient hospitalizations to minimize the negative impact of caregiving.
影响心力衰竭患者家属照顾患者的影响的因素尚未得到充分解决。此外，社会支持和照顾的积极方面也很少受到关注。
确定与照顾影响相关的因素。
从 76 对心力衰竭患者及其家庭照顾者的患者进行了自我报告数据收集。临床数据来自病历。
对照顾的家庭支持感较低与心力衰竭纽约心脏协会（NYHA）更高的分级、非配偶照顾者、照顾者感知控制能力较低以及社会支持较少有关。照顾者日程安排的更多中断与更高的心力衰竭分级、更多的照顾任务和较少的社会支持有关。照顾对照顾者健康的影响更大与患者最近的住院治疗、照顾者感知控制能力较低以及社会支持较少有关。非裔美国人和家庭成员急诊就诊次数较少的照顾者比其他照顾者对照顾更有积极的看法。社会支持对患者合并症与照顾的积极方面之间的关系具有调节作用。
照顾对心力衰竭患者的家庭照顾者既有积极影响，也有消极影响。研究结果表明，需要进行干预以增加照顾者的控制感和社会支持。患者住院后，家庭照顾者可能需要额外的支持，以尽量减少照顾的负面影响。
