Schomburg E D
Department of Physiology, University of Göttingen, West Germany.
Neurosurg Rev. 1990;13(3):179-85. doi: 10.1007/BF00313016.
The transformation of sensory information to movement patterns in spinal interneuronal systems is far from just being a stereotyped reflex pattern. Information from the different sensory modalities (skin-, muscle, and joint receptors) is integrated at the interneuronal level and transformed into patterns of coordinated movements which are adapted to the current position and the phase of movement of a limb. In addition, spinal interneuronal systems are capable of generating rhythmic motor activities like locomotion or scratching without a sensory feed-back from the periphery and without a corresponding drive from supraspinal structures. The same interneuronal systems which are engaged in the reflexogenic control and generation of movements at the spinal level also convey information for the performance of supraspinally-induced, goal-directed ("voluntary") movements. The inherent convergence between descending and peripheral afferent information onto common interneuronal systems implies an improved coordination and adaptation of movements in dependence on the peripheral conditions. Disturbance of the supraspinal control of these interneuronal systems leads to an impairment of the transformation of sensory inputs into motor acts. Spasticity is probably partly caused by such a disturbed control of the transmission in the interneuronal systems.
脊髓中间神经元系统中感觉信息向运动模式的转化远非仅仅是一种刻板的反射模式。来自不同感觉模态（皮肤、肌肉和关节感受器）的信息在中间神经元水平整合，并转化为协调运动模式，这些模式适应肢体的当前位置和运动阶段。此外，脊髓中间神经元系统能够在没有来自外周的感觉反馈以及没有来自脊髓上结构的相应驱动的情况下，产生诸如行走或抓挠等节律性运动活动。在脊髓水平参与反射性控制和运动产生的相同中间神经元系统，也为脊髓上诱导的、目标导向的（“自愿的”）运动的执行传递信息。下行信息和外周传入信息在共同的中间神经元系统上的内在汇聚意味着，运动能根据外周条件得到更好的协调和适应。脊髓上对这些中间神经元系统控制的紊乱会导致感觉输入向运动行为转化的受损。痉挛可能部分是由中间神经元系统中这种传递控制的紊乱引起的。
