Quinnipiac University School of Medicine, Hamden, Connecticut 06518-1908, USA.
Nurs Res. 2012 Jan-Feb;61(1):22-7. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0b013e3182337f4d.
Despite solid basic science research supporting meditation's physiologic benefits, meditation remains a marginalized practice for many Westerners; observational and descriptive studies indicate a spectrum of barriers to meditation practice.
The aim of this study was to determine differences in barriers to meditation by gender and age.
A cross-sectional survey study of 150 family caregivers to adults with cancer visiting an outpatient chemotherapy center in Connecticut was conducted. The primary outcome was the Determinants of Meditation Practice Inventory. Explanatory variables included demographic characteristics, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, Big Five Inventory, and Caregiver Reaction Assessment.
Participants included 98 women and 52 men. Age range was 18-84 years (M = 52.3 years). The highest frequency of barriers for both genders related to misconceptions about meditation. The total number of barriers to meditation did not significantly vary by gender (p = .10) nor age (p = .27). After adjusting for personality trait, reactions to caregiving, and emotional distress, gender (adjusted β = 0.81, SE = 1.70, p = .63) and age (adjusted β = 0.02, SE = 0.05, p = .67) still did not predict the number of barriers to meditation. Backward elimination in model building showed that personality trait and reactions to caregiving account for 32% of the variability in barriers.
The total number of barriers to meditation was examined, and a difference was not found by age or gender. It is possible that differences by age and gender exist at the item level of evaluation but were not evident when evaluating total scores. Further study is needed with samples large enough to have statistical power for item-level analysis.
尽管有坚实的基础科学研究支持冥想对生理的益处，但冥想仍然是许多西方人的边缘化实践；观察性和描述性研究表明，存在一系列阻碍冥想实践的因素。
本研究旨在确定性别和年龄对冥想障碍的影响。
对康涅狄格州一家门诊化疗中心的 150 名成年癌症患者的家庭照顾者进行了一项横断面调查研究。主要结果是通过冥想实践的决定因素清单来评估。解释变量包括人口统计学特征、流行病学研究中心抑郁量表、大五人格量表和照顾者反应评估。
参与者包括 98 名女性和 52 名男性。年龄范围为 18-84 岁（M = 52.3 岁）。两性中频率最高的冥想障碍与对冥想的误解有关。冥想障碍的总数在性别（p =.10）和年龄（p =.27）方面没有显著差异。在调整人格特质、对照顾的反应和情绪困扰后，性别（调整β=0.81，SE=1.70，p=.63）和年龄（调整β=0.02，SE=0.05，p=.67）仍然不能预测冥想障碍的数量。模型构建中的向后淘汰显示，人格特质和对照顾的反应解释了障碍变异性的 32%。
本研究检查了冥想障碍的总数，未发现年龄或性别差异。在评估总分数时，年龄和性别之间的差异可能存在于评估的项目水平，但并不明显。需要进一步研究，以获得足够大的样本量，以便对项目水平进行分析。
