Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Semin Immunopathol. 2012 Mar;34(2):215-35. doi: 10.1007/s00281-011-0294-4. Epub 2011 Nov 3.
Transition metals are essential nutrients to virtually all forms of life, including bacterial pathogens. In Staphylococcus aureus, metal ions participate in diverse biochemical processes such as metabolism, DNA synthesis, regulation of virulence factors, and defense against oxidative stress. As an innate immune response to bacterial infection, vertebrate hosts sequester transition metals in a process that has been termed "nutritional immunity." To successfully infect vertebrates, S. aureus must overcome host sequestration of these critical nutrients. The objective of this review is to outline the current knowledge of staphylococcal metal ion acquisition systems, as well as to define the host mechanisms of nutritional immunity during staphylococcal infection.
过渡金属是几乎所有形式的生命，包括细菌病原体所必需的营养物质。在金黄色葡萄球菌中，金属离子参与多种生化过程，如代谢、DNA 合成、毒力因子的调节以及对氧化应激的防御。作为对细菌感染的先天免疫反应，脊椎动物宿主通过一种被称为“营养免疫”的过程来螯合过渡金属。为了成功感染脊椎动物，金黄色葡萄球菌必须克服宿主对这些关键营养物质的螯合。本综述的目的是概述金黄色葡萄球菌金属离子获取系统的现有知识，并定义金黄色葡萄球菌感染期间营养免疫的宿主机制。
