Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA.
Int J Health Serv. 2011;41(4):647-78. doi: 10.2190/HS.41.4.c.
Because the public and private sectors often operate with different goals, individuals employed by the two sectors may receive different levels of welfare. This can potentially lead to different health status. As such, employment sector offers an important perspective for understanding labor market outcomes. Using micro-level data from a recent Chinese household survey, this study empirically evaluated the impact of employment sector on health and within-sector health inequalities. It found that public sector employment generated better health outcomes than private sector employment, controlling for individual characteristics. The provision of more job security explained an important part of the association between public sector employment and better health. The study also found less health inequality by social class within the public sector. These findings suggest that policymakers should think critically about the "conventional wisdom" that private ownership is almost always superior, and should adjust their labor market policies accordingly.
由于公共部门和私营部门的目标往往不同，因此在这两个部门工作的个人可能会得到不同水平的福利。这可能会导致不同的健康状况。因此，就业部门为理解劳动力市场结果提供了一个重要视角。本文利用最近一次中国家庭调查的微观数据，从实证上评估了就业部门对健康和部门内健康不平等的影响。研究发现，在控制个人特征的情况下，与私营部门相比，公共部门就业会产生更好的健康结果。提供更多的工作保障解释了公共部门就业与更好的健康之间联系的重要部分。研究还发现，公共部门内部的社会阶层健康不平等程度较低。这些发现表明，政策制定者应该批判性地思考“私营企业几乎总是更好”的传统观念，并相应地调整其劳动力市场政策。
