Mayo Clinic, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 200 1st Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Clin Chest Med. 2011 Dec;32(4):659-68. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2011.08.014.
The National Lung Screening Study has demonstrated that screening with low-dose spiral computed tomography results in fewer deaths from lung cancer compared with screening with chest radiography (CXR). Previous trials of screening with CXR and sputum cytology failed to exhibit fewer deaths compared with no screening intervention. Early computed tomography (CT) studies showed promise for CT to be a more sensitive test, yet were unable to demonstrate sufficient evidence of efficacy. This review examines the problem of early lung cancer detection, the issues presented by screening, and results of past and recent studies of lung cancer screening.
国家肺癌筛查研究表明，与胸部 X 射线摄影（CXR）筛查相比，低剂量螺旋 CT 筛查可降低肺癌死亡率。先前使用 CXR 和痰细胞学进行筛查的试验未能显示出与不进行筛查干预相比死亡人数减少。早期 CT（CT）研究表明 CT 可能是一种更敏感的检测方法，但未能证明其疗效有足够的证据。本综述探讨了早期肺癌检测的问题、筛查带来的问题以及过去和最近的肺癌筛查研究结果。
