[The role of pulsed gel electrophoresis in the study of biological macromolecules].

We present modern conceptions concerning movement of biopolymer molecules in a gel under the action of static and pulsed electric fields, and we basically analyse some mostly used techniques of pulsed electrophoresis and the results yielded by using them. Pulsed procedures are shown to essentially widen the possibilities of analytical electrophoresis and electrophoretic transblotting are elaborated. Cameras and buffer systems used are the same as in classical methods involving the constant electric field. Promising results were collected while using sine-mode voltage in the constant and pulsed variants of electrophoresis. It is stated that the exceptionally wide application of pulsed methods in laboratory practice requires development of adequate theoretical conceptions concerning the movement of linear and globular polymers in gel under alternating field. In this connection the investigation of potentials of pulsed electrophoresis with inversions of field direction as the most simple and universal process of DNA division in a wide range of molecular masses and the use in electrophoretic techniques of sine-mode voltage obtained directly from the industrial circuit are most significant.