Teye G A, Sheard P R, Whittington F M, Nute G R, Stewart A, Wood J D
Division of Farm Animal Science, School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK; Department of Animal Science, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Box 1882, Tamale, Ghana.
Meat Sci. 2006 May;73(1):157-65. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.11.010. Epub 2006 Jan 19.
This study evaluated the effects of three dietary oils - palm kernel (PKO), palm (PO) and soyabean (SBO) - and two protein levels - high (HP) and low (LP) in a 3×2 factorial design involving 60 pigs on growth performance, muscle fatty acid composition and content, carcass, meat and eating qualities. Oil type did not have a significant effect on growth and carcass quality. PKO significantly reduced the polyunsaturated (PUFA) to saturated (SFA) fatty acid (P:S) ratio in longissimus muscle (P<0.001). PKO increased the concentrations of lauric (12:0), myristic (14:0), palmitic (16:0) and stearic (18:0) fatty acids and decreased linoleic acid (18:2). The LP diet increased intramuscular fat (IMF) from 1.7g/100g muscle in HP to 2.9g/100g (P<0.001), increased tenderness by 0.6 units (P<0.01) and juiciness by 0.5 units (P<0.01) on the 1-8 scale, but at the expense of lower daily weight gain (P<0.01), lower feed conversion efficiency (P<0.01), reduced P:S ratio (P<0.001) and increased lipid oxidation (P<0.01). The results suggest that PKO and PO could be used in tropical developing countries as cheaper alternatives to SBO for the production of good quality and healthy pork, but their limits of inclusion need to be determined.
本研究采用3×2析因设计，用60头猪评估了三种食用油——棕榈仁油（PKO）、棕榈油（PO）和大豆油（SBO）以及两种蛋白质水平——高蛋白质水平（HP）和低蛋白质水平（LP）对生长性能、肌肉脂肪酸组成和含量、胴体、肉质和食用品质的影响。油的类型对生长和胴体品质没有显著影响。PKO显著降低了背最长肌中多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）与饱和脂肪酸（SFA）的比例（P<0.001）。PKO增加了月桂酸（12:0）、肉豆蔻酸（14:0）、棕榈酸（16:0）和硬脂酸（18:0）的浓度，并降低了亚油酸（18:2）的浓度。低蛋白质水平日粮使肌内脂肪（IMF）从高蛋白质水平日粮时的1.7g/100g肌肉增加到2.9g/100g（P<0.001），在1-8分制中使嫩度提高了0.6个单位（P<0.01），多汁性提高了0.5个单位（P<0.01），但代价是日增重较低（P<0.01）、饲料转化效率较低（P<0.01）、P:S比例降低（P<0.001）和脂质氧化增加（P<0.01）。结果表明，在热带发展中国家，PKO和PO可作为SBO的更廉价替代品用于生产优质健康猪肉，但需要确定它们的添加限度。
