Volpelli L A, Valusso R, Morgante M, Pittia P, Piasentier E
Dep. Scienze della Produzione Animale, University of Udine, Via S. Mauro 2, 33010 Pagnacco, Udine, Italy.
Meat Sci. 2003 Sep;65(1):555-62. doi: 10.1016/S0309-1740(02)00248-6.
Thirty-two male fallow deer, half 18- and half 30-month-old, were slaughtered after a 4-month feeding trial on pasture alone or with daily supplement of 500 g (dry matter) concentrate/head (eight each 18- and 30-month-old). Neither diet nor age produced significant effects on M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LM) and on M. semimembranosus (SM) pH and colour. Meat texture properties (Warner-Bratzler-WB Shear Force and compression), water loss and collagen content were unaffected by diet, while the older deer had higher LM WB peak force values (4.15 vs 4.88 kg) and lower collagen solubility (34.61 vs 22.58%). LM and M. semitendinosus (ST) of the supplemented deer had a higher content of fat (pasture vs concentrate feeding: 0.56 vs 0.72% in LM; 0.55 vs 0.78% in ST) and provided lower PUFA, particularly n-3 PUFA, and higher n-6/n-3 ratio (3.30 vs 4.76 in LM; 3.39 vs 4.63 in ST). Thirty-month-olds' LM and ST were fatter than 18-month-olds', and provided lower PUFA, both in the n-6 and n-3 fraction.
32只雄性黇鹿，一半为18月龄，一半为30月龄，在仅以牧草为食或每天每头补充500克（干物质）精饲料的情况下进行了4个月的饲养试验后被屠宰（18月龄和30月龄各8只）。日粮和年龄对胸腰最长肌（LM）和半膜肌（SM）的pH值和颜色均无显著影响。肉的质地特性（沃纳-布拉茨勒剪切力和压缩力）、失水率和胶原蛋白含量不受日粮影响，而年龄较大的鹿的LM剪切力峰值较高（4.15千克对4.88千克），胶原蛋白溶解度较低（34.61%对22.58%）。补充精饲料的鹿的LM和半腱肌（ST）脂肪含量较高（牧草喂养与精饲料喂养相比：LM中为0.56%对0.72%；ST中为0.55%对0.78%），多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）含量较低，尤其是n-3多不饱和脂肪酸，n-6/n-3比值较高（LM中为3.30对4.76；ST中为3.39对4.63）。30月龄鹿的LM和ST比18月龄鹿的更肥，n-6和n-3脂肪酸组分中的PUFA含量均较低。
