Head and Neck Surgery Division, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2011 Aug;31(4):222-7.
The evolution of new techniques for cancer surgery has led to important changes in cancer care in recent years. The endpoint of cancer treatment is now to treat the patient with minimum discomfort while respecting quality of life. New techniques, such as mini-invasive surgery, must respect the correct oncological indications, when technically feasible. The surgery for nodal spread or recurrence of disease, after previous surgery on T or T and N for neck cancer, can represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, especially in the neck, which is characterized by small spaces and noble structures. Often lesions become enveloped in scar tissue and can be difficult to visualize during surgery, representing a genuine problem for the surgeon. Ultrasound dye-assisted surgery is a procedure that combines ultra-sound localization of pathological nodes with the use of methylene blue to mark diseased structures to simplify their visualization (and thus removal) in the surgical field. The technique is simple and can be used in surgically and oncologically experienced hands, even in hospitals that do not have sophisticated technology.
近年来，癌症手术新技术的发展导致癌症治疗发生了重要变化。癌症治疗的终点现在是在尊重生活质量的同时，尽量减少患者的不适。微创手术等新技术在技术上可行时，必须尊重正确的肿瘤学适应证。对于颈部 T 或 T 和 N 期癌症先前手术后发生的淋巴结转移或疾病复发，手术可能是一个诊断和治疗上的挑战，特别是在颈部，其特点是空间小，结构重要。通常病变会被包裹在疤痕组织中，并且在手术中难以可视化，这对外科医生来说是一个真正的问题。超声染料辅助手术是一种将超声定位病理淋巴结与使用亚甲蓝标记病变结构相结合的方法，以简化手术视野中病变结构的可视化（从而便于切除）。该技术简单，即使在没有复杂技术的医院，也可以由具有丰富手术和肿瘤学经验的医生使用。
