Department of Plant Pathology, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2012 Apr;68(4):639-44. doi: 10.1002/ps.2308. Epub 2011 Nov 7.
Phytophthora blight induced by Phytophthora capsici is responsible for serious yield loss in vegetable production in the United States and other countries. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Brassica cover crops used as soil amendments for managing Phytophthora blight of squash.
In greenhouse studies, disease incidence on squash plants was significantly reduced by soil amendment with mustard shoots or roots used at 1 and 2.5% (plant tissue/soil, w/w). The shoots of canola used at 1 or 2.5% also suppressed disease, while the roots of canola or other crops did not reduce disease significantly. In field studies, soil amendments with mustard and canola provided the greatest disease reduction and increased squash yield significantly compared with the non-treated control. Mustard and canola did not appear to be susceptible to P. capsici.
The results indicated that some Brassica crops, particularly mustard and canola, had the potential to significantly reduce Phytophthora blight on squash when used as soil amendments. As P. capsici has a remarkable ability to develop resistance to chemical fungicides, use of effective Brassica cover crops could be a biorational alternative to fungicides and a valuable component in developing integrated disease management programs.
辣椒疫霉引起的疫病是导致美国和其他国家蔬菜生产严重减产的原因。本研究旨在评估作为土壤改良剂的芸薹属覆盖作物对南瓜疫病的防治效果。
温室研究表明，用 1%和 2.5%（植物组织/土壤，w/w）的芥菜芽或根作为土壤改良剂可显著降低南瓜疫病的发病率。1%或 2.5%的油菜芽也能抑制病害，而油菜或其他作物的根则不能显著降低病害。田间研究表明，与未处理的对照相比，芥菜和油菜的土壤改良剂能显著减少病害并显著增加南瓜产量。芥菜和油菜似乎不易受辣椒疫霉的影响。
结果表明，一些芸薹属作物，特别是芥菜和油菜，作为土壤改良剂使用时，有潜力显著降低南瓜疫病。由于辣椒疫霉对化学杀菌剂具有很强的抗药性，因此使用有效的芸薹属覆盖作物可能是化学杀菌剂的生物合理性替代品，也是制定综合疾病管理计划的一个有价值的组成部分。
