Gómez Expósito Ruth, de Bruijn Irene, Postma Joeke, Raaijmakers Jos M
Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, Netherlands.
Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Front Microbiol. 2017 Dec 18;8:2529. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02529. eCollection 2017.
Disease suppressive soils offer effective protection to plants against infection by soil-borne pathogens, including fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, and nematodes. The specific disease suppression that operates in these soils is, in most cases, microbial in origin. Therefore, suppressive soils are considered as a rich resource for the discovery of beneficial microorganisms with novel antimicrobial and other plant protective traits. To date, several microbial genera have been proposed as key players in disease suppressiveness of soils, but the complexity of the microbial interactions as well as the underlying mechanisms and microbial traits remain elusive for most disease suppressive soils. Recent developments in next generation sequencing and other 'omics' technologies have provided new insights into the microbial ecology of disease suppressive soils and the identification of microbial consortia and traits involved in disease suppressiveness. Here, we review the results of recent 'omics'-based studies on the microbial basis of disease suppressive soils, with specific emphasis on the role of rhizosphere bacteria in this intriguing microbiological phenomenon.
抑病土壤能为植物提供有效保护，使其免受包括真菌、卵菌、细菌和线虫在内的土传病原体感染。在大多数情况下，这些土壤中发挥作用的特定抑病作用源于微生物。因此，抑病土壤被视为发现具有新型抗菌和其他植物保护特性的有益微生物的丰富资源。迄今为止，已有几个微生物属被认为是土壤抑病性的关键参与者，但对于大多数抑病土壤而言，微生物相互作用的复杂性以及潜在机制和微生物特性仍然难以捉摸。新一代测序和其他“组学”技术的最新进展为抑病土壤的微生物生态学以及与抑病性相关的微生物群落和特性的鉴定提供了新的见解。在此，我们综述了近期基于“组学”的抑病土壤微生物基础研究结果，特别强调根际细菌在这一有趣的微生物学现象中的作用。
