Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2012 Apr;12(2):284-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0594.2011.00767.x. Epub 2011 Nov 8.
There is lack of data on prescription patterns in elderly patients from developing countries. The aim of this study is to examine the first prescription given to elderly patients (age >60 years) attending the psychiatry outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital.
In this retrospective study, data on patients older than 60 years attending the psychiatric outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital between 1 January 2009 and 30 November 2010 were extracted from the computer-based registry and analyzed.
During the study period, 1192 new patients older than and equal to 60 years registered with the psychiatric outpatient clinic. Exact prescription data was available for 975 patients. The most common major diagnostic group was mood disorders (33.9%), followed by neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (23.1%). Across all diagnostic groups, olanzapine was the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic medication (20.7% of patients with an organic mental disorder, 40.8% with psychotic disorder, 30.2% with bipolar disorder); quetiapine and risperidone were the other commonly prescribed antipsychotics. Across all diagnostic groups, escitalopram was the most commonly prescribed antidepressant, and sertraline was the second most frequently prescribed SSRI. Among mood stabilizers, valproate was preferred over lithium (25.4% vs.12.7%). Sedative-hypnotic medications were frequently prescribed across all diagnostic groups. Clonazepam and lorazepam were the most often prescribed benzodiazepines. The mean number of psychotropic medications was highest among bipolar disorder patients (1.84) and least among the patients with an organic mental disorder (1.25).
Olanzapine, SSRI and clonazepam were the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic, antidepressant, and benzodiazepine, respectively, and valproate was preferred over lithium among elderly patients with bipolar disorder.
发展中国家缺乏关于老年患者处方模式的数据。本研究旨在检查在三级医院精神病门诊就诊的老年患者（年龄> 60 岁）首次开出处方的情况。
在这项回顾性研究中，从计算机化的登记处提取了 2009 年 1 月 1 日至 2010 年 11 月 30 日期间在三级医院精神病门诊就诊的年龄大于 60 岁的患者的数据，并进行了分析。
在研究期间，有 1192 名年龄大于或等于 60 岁的新患者在精神病门诊登记。975 名患者有确切的处方数据。最常见的主要诊断类别是情绪障碍（33.9%），其次是神经症、应激相关和躯体形式障碍（23.1%）。在所有诊断类别中，奥氮平是最常开的抗精神病药物（器质性精神障碍患者的 20.7%、精神病性障碍患者的 40.8%、双相障碍患者的 30.2%）；喹硫平和利培酮是其他常用的抗精神病药物。在所有诊断类别中，艾司西酞普兰是最常开的抗抑郁药，舍曲林是第二常用的 SSRI。在心境稳定剂中，丙戊酸盐优先于锂（25.4%比 12.7%）。在所有诊断类别中，镇静催眠药经常开处方。氯硝西泮和劳拉西泮是最常开的苯二氮䓬类药物。心境障碍患者的精神药物平均数量最高（1.84），器质性精神障碍患者的数量最少（1.25）。
奥氮平、SSRI 和氯硝西泮分别是最常开的抗精神病药、抗抑郁药和苯二氮䓬类药物，而在双相障碍老年患者中，丙戊酸盐优先于锂。
