Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Gut Microbes. 2011 Sep 1;2(5):274-9. doi: 10.4161/gmic.2.5.18091.
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are released from many Gram-negative bacteria. OMVs interact with and are taken up by human cells. We and others have now showed that OMVs contain peptidoglycan, which is sensed mainly by the pattern-recognition receptor NOD1 in the cytoplasm of host cells. Vibrio cholerae is clinically important as one of the causative agents of severe dehydrating diarrhea in humans. We showed that non-O1 non-O139 V. cholerae (NOVC) strains of V. cholera produce OMVs. Of note, we revealed that NOVC can evade NOD1-mediated immune surveillance by the quorum sensing machinery. Here we review these recent findings and discuss the relevance for our understanding of bacterial infections and innate immune responses.
外膜囊泡（OMVs）是从许多革兰氏阴性菌中释放出来的。OMVs 与人类细胞相互作用并被其摄取。我们和其他人现在已经表明，OMVs 含有肽聚糖，它主要被宿主细胞细胞质中的模式识别受体 NOD1 所感知。霍乱弧菌是一种重要的临床病原体，它是引起人类严重脱水性腹泻的原因之一。我们发现非 O1 非 O139 霍乱弧菌（NOVC）菌株会产生 OMVs。值得注意的是，我们揭示了 NOVC 可以通过群体感应机制逃避 NOD1 介导的免疫监视。本文综述了这些最新发现，并讨论了它们对我们理解细菌感染和固有免疫反应的相关性。
