Sjövall P, Christensen O B
Department of Dermatology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Semin Dermatol. 1990 Sep;9(3):206-9.
In this review, the concepts of hyposensitization, tolerance and hardening are defined. Studies concerning hyposensitization by different routes of allergen administration are mentioned. The most important studies in humans, as well as in experimental animals, regarding oral hyposensitization are then gone into more thoroughly. The possible mechanisms of hyposensitization are discussed. It is concluded that oral hyposensitization in humans is indeed possible. Furthermore, the reaction is antigen-specific, diminishes quickly, and it is probably the dose administered at a certain moment rather than the total amount of allergens ingested that is crucial when receiving hyposensitization. However, further performed studies do not justify the routine use of oral hyposensitization.
在本综述中，对减敏、耐受和强化的概念进行了定义。提及了关于通过不同变应原给药途径进行减敏的研究。然后更深入地探讨了在人类以及实验动物中关于口服减敏的最重要研究。讨论了减敏的可能机制。得出的结论是，人类口服减敏确实是可能的。此外，这种反应具有抗原特异性，消退迅速，并且在接受减敏时，可能是某一时刻给予的剂量而非摄入变应原的总量至关重要。然而，进一步开展的研究并不支持常规使用口服减敏。
