Vasović Ljiljana, Jovanović Ivan, Ugrenović Slađana, Vlajković Slobodan, Jovanović Predrag, Stojanović Vesna
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd. Dr Zoran Đinđić 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
Childs Nerv Syst. 2012 Jan;28(1):33-46. doi: 10.1007/s00381-011-1622-7. Epub 2011 Nov 10.
Carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomoses-the trigeminal, otic, hypoglossal, and proatlantal intersegmental arteries-serve as transitory channels between primitive internal carotid arteries and bilateral longitudinal neural arterial plexus, which is the precursor of future basilar artery, when the human embryo reaches about 4-mm length.
Normal and/or abnormal morphofunctional aspects of the prenatal and postnatal forms of the trigeminal artery are described according to personal and literature data. Many arteries of similar origin and course are also noted in the differential diagnosis of the trigeminal artery.
The persistent primitive trigeminal artery, as the most commonly carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomosis, has a reported incidence of 0.03-2.2% in the literature. There is female sex predilection, and it may be discovered in patients of any age, on either side, and in association with many vascular variants. Although the significance of persistent primitive trigeminal artery regarding the development of an aneurysm or association with another pathological condition may not be clear, its (ab)normal morphology is the inspiration for anatomists, especially for neurosurgeons, before planning diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
当人类胚胎长到约4毫米时，颈动脉 - 椎基底吻合支——三叉动脉、耳动脉、舌下动脉和寰椎前节段间动脉——作为原始颈内动脉与双侧纵向神经动脉丛之间的过渡通道，而双侧纵向神经动脉丛是未来基底动脉的前身。
根据个人及文献资料描述三叉动脉产前和产后形式的正常和/或异常形态功能方面。在三叉动脉的鉴别诊断中还提到了许多起源和走行相似的动脉。
持续性原始三叉动脉作为最常见的颈动脉 - 椎基底吻合支，文献报道其发生率为0.03% - 2.2%。女性更易发生，可在任何年龄、任何一侧的患者中发现，且常与多种血管变异相关。尽管持续性原始三叉动脉与动脉瘤发生或与其他病理状况的关联意义可能尚不清楚，但其（异常）形态为解剖学家，尤其是神经外科医生在规划诊断和治疗程序前提供了思路。
