Dror Daphna K, Allen Lindsay H
USDA ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Food Nutr Bull. 2011 Sep;32(3):227-43. doi: 10.1177/156482651103200307.
Milk and other animal-source foods are concentrated dietary sources of macro- and micronutrients. Despite a global increase in milk production and consumption over the past decades, milk and other animal-source foods are often lacking in the diets of children in developing countries.
To evaluate the importance of milk and other animal-source food intake in promoting the growth, development, and health of children in low-income countries.
Original research articles describing observational and intervention studies with unfortified milk, fortified milk, and other animal-source foods in children were identified by searching the PubMed database.
Consumption of milk and other animal-source foods by undernourished children improves anthropometric indices and cognitive function and reduces the prevalence of biochemical and functional nutritional deficiencies, reducing morbidity and mortality. Unfortified and fortified milk used in supplementation trials has been well tolerated and widely accepted by parents and children.
To improve the dietary quality of children in low-income countries and further the effort to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger in accordance with the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, additional research is necessary to identify and implement programs and policy supporting increased intake of milk and other animal-source foods.
牛奶及其他动物源性食物是宏量营养素和微量营养素的重要膳食来源。尽管在过去几十年里全球牛奶产量和消费量有所增加，但发展中国家儿童的饮食中往往缺乏牛奶及其他动物源性食物。
评估摄入牛奶及其他动物源性食物对促进低收入国家儿童生长、发育和健康的重要性。
通过检索PubMed数据库，确定了描述针对儿童未强化牛奶、强化牛奶及其他动物源性食物的观察性和干预性研究的原始研究文章。
营养不良儿童食用牛奶及其他动物源性食物可改善人体测量指标和认知功能，并降低生化和功能性营养缺乏症的患病率，从而降低发病率和死亡率。补充试验中使用的未强化和强化牛奶耐受性良好，得到了家长和儿童的广泛接受。
为提高低收入国家儿童的饮食质量，并根据联合国千年发展目标进一步努力消除极端贫困和饥饿，有必要开展更多研究，以确定并实施支持增加牛奶及其他动物源性食物摄入量的项目和政策。
