National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Hyderabad, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2011 Oct;134(4):470-5.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: As part of the baseline survey carried out during 2005-06, biological and behavioural data were generated on about 3200 female sex workers (FSWs), from eight districts of Andhra Pradesh (AP), India. This study describes the relationship between socio-demographic and behavioural factors with consistent condom use (CCU) and HIV among FSWs in AP.
A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted among female sex workers (FSW) in eight districts of Andhra Pradesh, India, using conventional cluster sampling and time-location cluster sampling. Key risk behaviours and STIs related to the spread of HIV were assessed. Blood samples were collected to detect syphilis, Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neiserria gonorrhoeae (NG) and HIV serology.
About 70 per cent of the FSWs were illiterates, nearly 50 per cent were currently married and 41 per cent of the FSWs had sex work as the sole source of income. More than 95 per cent of the FSWs heard of HIV, but about 99 per cent believed that HIV/AIDS cannot be prevented. Logistic regression analysis showed significantly lesser CCU with high client volume, not carrying condom and could not use condom in past 1 month due to various reasons such as non co-operation by the clients. Similarly, CCU was significantly (P<0.001) lesser (only 8.9%) with regular non-commercial partners. Overall there was 16.3 per cent prevalence of HIV amongst FSWs. C. trachomatis and N. gonorrheae were prevalent in 3.4 and 2 per cent of the FSWs, respectively and about 70 per cent of the FSWs were positive for HSV2 serology. HIV was significantly associated with STIs.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: Misconception that HIV/AIDS cannot be prevented is very high. Most of the subjects in the present study had first sexual debut at a very young age. HIV was associated with STIs, emphasizing aggressive STI diagnosis and treatment. CCU must be emphasized right from first sexual debut with all clients and non-commercial partners as well.
作为 2005-06 年基线调查的一部分，在印度安得拉邦的八个地区，对大约 3200 名女性性工作者（FSW）进行了生物和行为数据收集。本研究描述了安得拉邦 FSW 中社会人口统计学和行为因素与坚持使用避孕套（CCU）和 HIV 之间的关系。
在印度安得拉邦的八个地区，采用常规聚类抽样和时间地点聚类抽样，对女性性工作者（FSW）进行了横断面社区基础研究。评估了与 HIV 传播相关的关键风险行为和性传播感染。采集血样检测梅毒、单纯疱疹病毒 2 型（HSV-2）、沙眼衣原体（CT）、淋病奈瑟菌（NG）和 HIV 血清学。
约 70%的 FSW 是文盲，近 50%的人目前已婚，41%的 FSW 以性工作为唯一收入来源。超过 95%的 FSW 听说过 HIV，但约 99%的人认为 HIV/AIDS 无法预防。Logistic 回归分析显示，由于客户数量高、不携带避孕套以及由于客户不合作等各种原因，在过去一个月内无法使用避孕套，坚持使用避孕套的比例明显较低。同样，与非商业性伴侣发生性行为时坚持使用避孕套的比例也明显较低（P<0.001，仅为 8.9%）。总的来说，FSW 中 HIV 的流行率为 16.3%。沙眼衣原体和淋病奈瑟菌在 FSW 中的流行率分别为 3.4%和 2%，约 70%的 FSW HSV2 血清学呈阳性。HIV 与性传播感染显著相关。
误解 HIV/AIDS 无法预防的情况非常高。本研究中的大多数受试者在非常年轻的时候就有了第一次性行为。HIV 与性传播感染相关，强调了积极诊断和治疗性传播感染。必须从第一次性行为开始，与所有客户和非商业性伴侣一起强调坚持使用避孕套。
