University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2011;7:611-20. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S14385. Epub 2011 Oct 18.
Risperidone is one of the early second-generation antipsychotics that came into the limelight in the early 1990s. Both the oral and long-acting injectable formulations have been subject to numerous studies to assess their safety, efficacy, and tolerability. Risperidone is currently one of the most widely prescribed antipsychotic medications, used for both acute and long-term maintenance in schizophrenia. Risperidone has better efficacy in the treatment of psychotic symptoms than placebo and possibly many first-generation antipsychotics. Risperidone fares better than placebo and first-generation antipsychotics in the treatment of negative symptoms. Risperidone's long acting injectable preparation has been well tolerated and is often useful in patients with medication nonadherence. Risperidone has a higher risk of hyperprolactinemia comparable to first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) but fares better than many second-generation antipsychotics with regards to metabolic side effects. In this article, we briefly review the recent literature exploring the role of risperidone formulations in schizophrenia, discuss clinical usage, and highlight the controversies and challenges associated with its use.
利培酮是 20 世纪 90 年代初崭露头角的第一代抗精神病药物之一。无论是口服制剂还是长效注射制剂，都已经过大量研究来评估其安全性、疗效和耐受性。利培酮目前是最广泛使用的抗精神病药物之一，用于精神分裂症的急性和长期维持治疗。利培酮治疗精神病症状的疗效优于安慰剂，可能也优于许多第一代抗精神病药物。利培酮在治疗阴性症状方面优于安慰剂和第一代抗精神病药物。利培酮的长效注射制剂耐受性良好，对于不依从药物治疗的患者常常很有用。利培酮引起高催乳素血症的风险与第一代抗精神病药物（FGAs）相当，但与许多第二代抗精神病药物相比，其代谢副作用的风险较低。在本文中，我们简要回顾了探索利培酮制剂在精神分裂症中的作用的最新文献，讨论了其临床应用，并强调了其使用相关的争议和挑战。
