University of Luxembourg, EMACS Research Unit, Campus Walferdange, Walferdange 7201, Luxembourg.
J Pers. 2012 Aug;80(4):796-846. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00749.x. Epub 2012 Jun 29.
Many psychological constructs are conceived to be hierarchically structured and thus to operate at various levels of generality. Alternative confirmatory factor analytic (CFA) models can be used to study various aspects of this proposition: (a) The one-factor model focuses on the top of the hierarchy and contains only a general construct, (b) the first-order factor model focuses on the intermediate level of the hierarchy and contains only specific constructs, and both (c) the higher order factor model and (d) the nested-factor model consider the hierarchy in its entirety and contain both general and specific constructs (e.g., bifactor model). This tutorial considers these CFA models in depth, addressing their psychometric properties, interpretation of general and specific constructs, and implications for model-based score reliabilities. The authors illustrate their arguments with normative data obtained for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and conclude with recommendations on which CFA model is most appropriate for which research and diagnostic purposes.
许多心理结构被设想为具有层次结构，因此可以在不同的普遍性水平上运作。可以使用替代的验证性因素分析 (CFA) 模型来研究这一命题的各个方面：(a) 单因素模型侧重于层次结构的顶部，只包含一个一般结构；(b) 一阶因子模型侧重于层次结构的中间水平，只包含特定结构；(c) 高阶因子模型和 (d) 嵌套因子模型考虑到整个层次结构，包含一般和特定结构（例如双因素模型）。本教程深入探讨了这些 CFA 模型，讨论了它们的心理测量特性、一般和特定结构的解释以及对基于模型的分数可靠性的影响。作者用为韦氏成人智力量表获得的规范数据来说明他们的论点，并就哪种 CFA 模型最适合哪种研究和诊断目的提出建议。
