Schmall L M, Muir W W, Robertson J T
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
Equine Vet J. 1990 Jul;22(4):273-7. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1990.tb04266.x.
A comparison of the haemodynamic benefits of small volume hypertonic saline (2,400 mOsm/litre) versus isotonic saline (300 mOsm/litre) was conducted in 12 adult horses using a haemorrhagic shock model. The horses were anaesthetised and intravascular catheters placed for the measurement of haemodynamic data. Mean systemic arterial pressure was then reduced to 50 to 60 mmHg by controlled haemorrhage and maintained at that level for 40 mins. Cardiac output, stroke volume, mean systemic arterial pressure, plasma volume and urine production decreased significantly following blood loss. Hypertonic or isotonic saline was administered randomly by intravenous infusion and haemodynamic data recorded for a 2 h period. Treatment with hypertonic saline produced rapid elevations in cardiac output, stroke volume, mean systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures, cardiac contractility and urine output, and was accompanied by expansion of the plasma volume. The changes in cardiac output and stroke volume were maintained for the duration of the recording period, whereas increases in mean systemic arterial pressure were not as remarkable. Infusion of isotonic saline caused only transient increases in cardiac output and mean systemic and pulmonary arterial pressure, and cardiac output; urine output and plasma volume did not change. This study indicates that hypertonic saline produces haemodynamic improvements in experimentally induced haemorrhagic shock in horses.
在12匹成年马身上采用失血性休克模型，对比了小容量高渗盐水（2400毫渗量/升）与等渗盐水（300毫渗量/升）的血流动力学益处。对马匹进行麻醉并放置血管内导管以测量血流动力学数据。然后通过控制性出血使平均体动脉压降至50至60毫米汞柱，并维持该水平40分钟。失血后心输出量、每搏输出量、平均体动脉压、血浆容量和尿量显著下降。随机通过静脉输注给予高渗或等渗盐水，并记录2小时的血流动力学数据。高渗盐水治疗使心输出量、每搏输出量、平均体动脉压和肺动脉压、心脏收缩力和尿量迅速升高，并伴有血浆容量的扩充。心输出量和每搏输出量的变化在记录期内持续存在，而平均体动脉压的升高则不那么显著。输注等渗盐水仅使心输出量、平均体动脉压和肺动脉压短暂升高，且心输出量；尿量和血浆容量未发生变化。本研究表明，高渗盐水可改善实验诱导的马匹失血性休克的血流动力学。
