The bovine plasma retinol-binding protein. Amino acid sequence, interaction with transthyretin, crystallization and preliminary X-ray data.

1. The primary structure of bovine plasma retinol-binding protein (RBP) has been determined and found to be more than 90% identical to human and rabbit RBPs, and more than 80% identical to rat RBP. Main changes in amino acid sequence are observed in two regions on the surface of the protein molecule (residues 138-148 and 169-183). 2. The interactions of bovine RBP with bovine and human transthyretins were investigated using the technique of fluorescence polarization. Bovine RBP was able to form high affinity complexes (K'd = 0.34 +/- 0.02 microM) with both bovine and human transthyretins, displaying a stoichiometry of approximately 2 molecules RBP/molecule transthyretin in both cases. The sites that participate in protein-protein interactions are thus very similar, and this tends to exclude the involvement of the superficial regions more significantly substituted in mammalian RBPs (residues 138-151 and 167-183) in the protein-protein recognition. 3. Bovine RBP has been crystallized (space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), with a = 4.61 nm, b = 4.91 nm, c = 7.61 nm) and the crystals are suitable for high-resolution X-ray diffraction studies.