Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 81, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2011 Jun;25(3):359-74. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2011.05.001.
Reactive arthritis belongs to the group of arthritidies known as the spondyloarthritides. There are two main types of reactive arthritis: post-venereal and post-enteric. Chlamydia trachomatis is felt to be the most common cause of reactive arthritis, in general. Until recently, even the terminology for the condition itself was unclear as multiple eponyms and names have been associated with reactive arthritis. In recent years, a great deal has been learnt about the epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment of reactive arthritis and Chlamydia-induced reactive arthritis, specifically. Prospective epidemiologic data suggest that Chlamydia-induced reactive arthritis is underdiagnosed. Other truths being actively revealed include data suggesting that the pathogen itself (i.e., Chlamydia) might play an equally important role, or perhaps even more important, than the host with disease susceptibility; asymptomatic chlamydial infections might be a common cause of ReA and the two variants of reactive arthritis might respond differently to treatment in spite of the congruent clinical presentation. However, much about this syndrome remains shrouded in mystery. Data covered in this review suggest that Chlamydia-induced reactive arthritis might be a common condition that clinicians fail to recognise. An emphasis is placed on disease awareness since viable treatment options are emerging.
反应性关节炎属于关节炎的一种，也被称为脊椎关节病。反应性关节炎主要有两种类型：性病后和肠病后。一般来说，沙眼衣原体被认为是导致反应性关节炎的最常见原因。直到最近，即使是这种疾病本身的术语也不明确，因为有许多同义名和名称与反应性关节炎有关。近年来，人们对反应性关节炎和衣原体引起的反应性关节炎的流行病学、病理生理学和治疗有了更多的了解。前瞻性的流行病学数据表明，衣原体引起的反应性关节炎被诊断不足。目前正在积极揭示的其他事实包括，病原体本身（即衣原体）可能同样重要，甚至更重要，而不是具有疾病易感性的宿主；无症状的衣原体感染可能是反应性关节炎的常见病因，尽管临床表现一致，但两种反应性关节炎变体可能对治疗的反应不同。然而，这种综合征的许多方面仍然笼罩在神秘之中。本综述中涵盖的数据表明，衣原体引起的反应性关节炎可能是一种常见的疾病，而临床医生未能认识到这一点。由于可行的治疗方案正在出现，因此强调对该病的认识。
