Division of Parasitology, Moredun Research Institute, Midlothian EH26 0PZ, UK.
Vet Parasitol. 2012 Apr 19;185(1):25-31. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.10.014. Epub 2011 Oct 18.
Cyathostomins are the primary parasitic pathogens of equids. For over 40 years, these nematodes have been controlled using broad spectrum anthelmintics. Three classes of anthelmintic are currently available for this use but, unfortunately, resistance to each of these has now been recorded in cyathostomin populations. As part of an optimal strategy to control cyathostomin infections in the field, it will be important to identify drug-resistant worms at as early a stage as possible. This objective needs to be supported by methodologies that will allow the accurate comparison of anthelmintic resistance in different nematode populations. At present, the faecal egg count reduction test is considered the most suitable method for initial screening for anthelmintic resistance in equine nematode populations. However, in its current state, this test lacks sensitivity. It is also costly and time-consuming to perform. Laboratory-based techniques, such as the egg hatch assay, larval development assay, larval migration inhibition assay and the larval feeding inhibition assay offer alternative options for assessing anthelmintic resistance in nematode populations. All of these tests have been investigated for their utility in measuring drug resistance in sheep nematode populations and some have proven useful. The egg hatch assay, larval development assay and larval migration inhibition assay have been investigated for use in measuring levels of drug resistance in equine nematode populations. However, at best, the results obtained thus far indicate that these tests require further refinement.
Cyathostomins 是马属动物的主要寄生病原体。四十多年来，这些线虫一直被广谱驱虫药控制。目前有三类驱虫药可用于这种用途，但不幸的是，这些驱虫药的抗药性现在在 Cyathostomin 种群中都有记录。作为在野外控制 Cyathostomin 感染的最佳策略的一部分，尽早确定耐药性蠕虫将非常重要。这一目标需要得到能够允许对不同线虫种群中的驱虫剂抗性进行准确比较的方法的支持。目前，粪便虫卵减少试验被认为是初步筛选马属线虫种群抗药性的最适合方法。然而，在目前的状态下，该试验缺乏敏感性。进行该试验既昂贵又耗时。基于实验室的技术，如卵孵化试验、幼虫发育试验、幼虫迁移抑制试验和幼虫摄食抑制试验，为评估线虫种群中的抗药性提供了替代选择。所有这些试验都已被研究用于测量绵羊线虫种群中的耐药性，其中一些已被证明是有用的。卵孵化试验、幼虫发育试验和幼虫迁移抑制试验已被研究用于测量马属线虫种群中的耐药水平。然而，迄今为止，获得的结果表明这些试验需要进一步改进。
