Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Rm 407, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada.
Nanotechnology. 2011 Dec 9;22(49):494003. doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/49/494003. Epub 2011 Nov 21.
While in nature the formation of complex tissues is gradually shaped by the long journey of development, in tissue engineering constructing complex tissues relies heavily on our ability to directly manipulate and control the micro-cellular environment in vitro. Not surprisingly, advancements in both microfabrication and nanofabrication have powered the field of tissue engineering in many aspects. Focusing on cardiac tissue engineering, this paper highlights the applications of fabrication techniques in various aspects of tissue engineering research: (1) cell responses to micro- and nanopatterned topographical cues, (2) cell responses to patterned biochemical cues, (3) controlled 3D scaffolds, (4) patterned tissue vascularization and (5) electromechanical regulation of tissue assembly and function.
虽然在自然界中，复杂组织的形成是通过漫长的发育过程逐渐形成的，但在组织工程中，构建复杂组织在很大程度上依赖于我们直接操纵和控制体外微细胞环境的能力。毫不奇怪，微纳制造技术的进步在多个方面推动了组织工程领域的发展。本文聚焦于心脏组织工程，重点介绍了制造技术在组织工程研究的各个方面的应用：（1）细胞对微纳图案化形貌线索的响应，（2）细胞对图案化生化线索的响应，（3）可控的 3D 支架，（4）图案化组织血管化，以及（5）组织组装和功能的机电调节。
