Teh Benjamin, Olsen Karen, Black Jim, Cheng Allen C, Aboltins Craig, Bull Kirstin, Johnson Paul D R, Grayson M Lindsay, Torresi Joseph
Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
Scand J Infect Dis. 2012 Apr;44(4):289-96. doi: 10.3109/00365548.2011.631572. Epub 2011 Nov 22.
To assess the secondary attack rates (SAR) and impact of the 2009 H1N1 epidemic in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, and the measures implemented to control household transmission.
Patients with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza A and pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) were identified from hospital and microbiology laboratory records and asked to take part in a retrospective survey. Information obtained included: the constellation of symptoms, contact history, secondary infection, and household information, including adherence and attitudes towards quarantine measures.
The overall SAR of pH1N1 index patients was 30.6%, but a significantly lower SAR was noted with oseltamivir treatment (36.6% vs 22.8%, p < 0.05). The greatest reduction in SAR was observed when index patients aged 0-4 y received oseltamivir (83.3% vs 22.2%, p < 0.01). Quarantine was requested of 65.8% of patients and 92.8% self-reported adhering to recommendations. pH1N1 index patients, the number of median days bed-bound is 2.5 days, being unable or too sick to work for a median of 5.0 days, and lost a median of 7.0 days of work for reasons related to an influenza-like illness.
The pH1N1 influenza pandemic had a significant clinical impact on households. Public health interventions such as oseltamivir treatment of index cases were beneficial in reducing secondary attack rates, whilst quarantine measures were found to have high rates of self-reported compliance, understanding, and acceptability.
评估2009年甲型H1N1流感在澳大利亚维多利亚州墨尔本的二代发病率（SAR）及其影响，以及为控制家庭传播而采取的措施。
从医院和微生物实验室记录中识别出经聚合酶链反应确诊的甲型流感和大流行性H1N1（pH1N1）患者，并邀请他们参加一项回顾性调查。获得的信息包括：症状群、接触史、继发感染以及家庭信息，包括对检疫措施的依从性和态度。
pH1N1指数病例的总体二代发病率为30.6%，但接受奥司他韦治疗的二代发病率显著较低（36.6%对22.8%，p<0.05）。当0 - 4岁的指数病例接受奥司他韦治疗时，二代发病率下降最为显著（83.3%对22.2%，p<0.01）。65.8%的患者被要求进行检疫，92.8%的患者自我报告遵守了建议。pH1N1指数病例卧床的中位天数为2.5天，因无法工作或病情过重而无法工作的中位天数为5.0天，因流感样疾病相关原因损失的工作中位天数为7.0天。
pH1N1流感大流行对家庭产生了重大临床影响。对指数病例进行奥司他韦治疗等公共卫生干预措施有助于降低二代发病率，同时发现检疫措施的自我报告依从率、理解率和接受率较高。
