Epidemic Intelligence Service, Office of Workforce and Career Development, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2010 Apr 1;201(7):984-92. doi: 10.1086/651145.
In April 2009, an outbreak due to infection with the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (pH1N1) was investigated in a New York City high school. We surveyed household contacts of ill students to characterize the extent of transmission within households, identify contact groups at highest risk for illness, and assess the potential for preventing household transmission. Influenza-like illness (ILI) was reported by 79 of 702 household contacts (11.3% attack rate). Multivariate analysis showed that older age was protective: for each increasing year of age, the risk of ILI was reduced 5%. Additional protective factors included antiviral prophylaxis and having had a household discussion about influenza. Providing care for the index case patient and watching television with the index case patient were risk factors among parents and siblings, respectively. Fifty percent of cases occurred within 3 days of onset of illness in the student. These factors have implications for mitigating the impact of pH1N1 transmission.
2009 年 4 月，对纽约市一所高中发生的由 2009 年大流行性流感 A（H1N1）病毒（pH1N1）引起的暴发进行了调查。我们对患病学生的家庭接触者进行了调查，以确定家庭内传播的程度，确定感染风险最高的接触群体，并评估预防家庭内传播的可能性。702 名家庭接触者中有 79 名（11.3%的发病率）报告出现流感样疾病（ILI）。多变量分析显示，年龄较大具有保护作用：每增加 1 岁，ILI 的风险就降低 5%。其他保护因素包括抗病毒预防用药和在家中讨论流感。为索引病例患者提供护理和与索引病例患者一起看电视分别是父母和兄弟姐妹的危险因素。50%的病例发生在学生发病后 3 天内。这些因素对减轻 pH1N1 传播的影响具有重要意义。
