Department of Nutrition & Food Studies, College of Health & Human Services, George Mason University, 10340 Democracy Lane, MS 1FB, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2012 Jun;15(6):1029-38. doi: 10.1017/S136898001100245X. Epub 2011 Nov 23.
To examine the contribution of selected child-, maternal- and household-related factors to child undernutrition across two different age groups of Kenyan under-5s.
Demographic and Health Survey data, multistage stratified cluster sampling methodology.
Rural and urban areas of Kenya.
A total of 1851 children between the ages of 0 and 24 months and 1942 children between the ages of 25 and 59 months in Kenya.
Thirty per cent of the younger children were stunted, 13 % were underweight and 8 % were wasted. Forty per cent of the older children were stunted, 17 % were underweight and 4 % were wasted. Longer breast-feeding duration, small birth size, childhood diarrhoea and/or cough, poor maternal nutritional status and urban residence were associated with higher odds of at least one form of undernutrition, while female gender, large birth size, up-to-date immunization, higher maternal age at first birth, BMI and education level at the time of the survey and higher household wealth were each associated with lower odds of at least one form of undernutrition among Kenyan children. The more proximal child factors had the strongest impact on the younger group of children while the intermediate and more distal maternal and household factors had the strongest impact on child undernutrition among the older group of children.
The present analysis identifies determinants of undernutrition among two age groups of Kenyan pre-school children and demonstrates that the contribution of child, maternal and household factors on children's nutritional status varies with children's age.
研究肯尼亚两个不同年龄段的学龄前儿童中，特定儿童、产妇和家庭相关因素对儿童营养不足的影响。
人口与健康调查数据，多阶段分层聚类抽样方法。
肯尼亚的农村和城市地区。
肯尼亚共有 1851 名 0-24 个月大的儿童和 1942 名 25-59 个月大的儿童。
30%的较小年龄组儿童发育迟缓，13%体重不足，8%消瘦。40%的较大年龄组儿童发育迟缓，17%体重不足，4%消瘦。母乳喂养时间较长、出生体重较小、儿童腹泻和/或咳嗽、产妇营养状况较差和居住在城市，这些因素与更高的营养不足风险相关，而女性、较大的出生体重、及时免疫接种、产妇首次生育年龄较大、调查时的 BMI 和教育水平以及更高的家庭财富，与肯尼亚儿童至少有一种形式的营养不足风险降低相关。较接近儿童的因素对较小年龄组儿童的影响最大，而中间和较远的产妇和家庭因素对较大年龄组儿童的营养不足影响最大。
本分析确定了肯尼亚两个年龄组学龄前儿童营养不足的决定因素，并表明儿童、产妇和家庭因素对儿童营养状况的影响随儿童年龄而变化。
